Cuenca, capital of the province that bears its name, is one of the most unique and visually striking cities in Spain. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, its historic centre sits dramatically atop a rocky ridge between the gorges of the Júcar and Huécar rivers. Known for its Hanging Houses, medieval streets, rich religious heritage and thriving cultural scene, Cuenca is a standout destination for a cultural or nature-filled escape in Castilla-La Mancha.

Whether you’re visiting for a weekend getaway, a stop along a longer route through Spain, or as a base to explore the surrounding natural parks, Cuenca offers a deep, memorable and enriching experience.

A Brief History of Cuenca

Cuenca’s origins trace back to the Muslim period, when the fortress of Qūnka was established in the 8th century. Built on a naturally defensive promontory between two river gorges, it served as a key military outpost. In 1177, King Alfonso VIII of Castile captured the city, marking the beginning of Cuenca’s rise as a Christian stronghold.

Between the 13th and 16th centuries, Cuenca flourished thanks to its booming textile industry, particularly wool production. The city's prosperity left behind an architectural legacy of churches, convents and noble homes. While Cuenca's economic influence declined in the 19th century, its historic centre remained remarkably intact. In 1996, it was recognised by UNESCO for its exceptional urban and architectural heritage.

What to See in Cuenca

Hanging Houses (Casas Colgadas)

The city’s most iconic feature. These wooden-balconied houses are built into the cliff face above the Huécar River gorge. Dating from the 15th century, they now house the Museum of Spanish Abstract Art, where the views are as impressive as the artwork.

Cuenca Cathedral

One of the first Gothic cathedrals in Castile, construction began in the late 12th century on the site of a former mosque. The building blends Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance elements. Highlights include the striking Neo-Gothic façade, the cloister and contemporary stained-glass windows.

San Pablo Bridge

This iron and wood pedestrian bridge offers breathtaking views of the Hanging Houses and Huécar Gorge. It connects the old town with the former convent of San Pablo, now home to the Parador de Cuenca.

Cuenca Museum

Located near the cathedral, this museum displays archaeological finds from the Roman, Visigothic and medieval periods, providing essential context for understanding the city’s historical development.

Antonio Pérez Foundation and Other Museums

Cuenca is a hub for contemporary art. In addition to the abstract art museum, the Antonio Pérez Foundation, Espacio Torner and the Paleontological Museum of Castilla-La Mancha add depth to the city’s cultural offering.

Gorges of the Júcar and Huécar Rivers

These two dramatic river gorges frame the city, offering opportunities for hiking, photography, climbing and scenic walks. Several well-marked trails and viewpoints make them easily accessible for all levels.

Festivals and Traditions

Holy Week (Semana Santa)

Declared a Festival of International Tourist Interest, Cuenca’s Holy Week is known for its solemn processions, sacred music and centuries-old brotherhoods. The Turba, a unique pre-dawn ritual on Good Friday, is a deeply emotional event not to be missed.

San Mateo Festival

Held in September, this local celebration marks the Christian conquest of Cuenca. Festivities include traditional bull runs, music, and street parties throughout the old town.

Cuenca Religious Music Festival

One of Europe’s leading sacred music festivals, held during Easter week. Concerts take place in historic churches and other emblematic locations.

Local Cuisine: Bold Flavours from the Highlands

Cuenca’s cuisine is hearty, rustic and deeply tied to its mountain and pastoral roots. Traditional dishes reflect centuries of local customs and ingredients.

Typical Dishes:

• Morteruelo: a warm pâté made from pork liver and game meat, seasoned with spices.
• Ajoarriero: a flavorful mix of salted cod, potatoes, garlic and olive oil.
• Zarajos: lamb intestines wrapped around vine branches and grilled.
• Serrano gazpacho: not to be confused with the cold soup, this is a warm stew made with game meat and flatbread.
• Alajú: a traditional dessert of honey, walnuts and breadcrumbs, sandwiched between thin wafers.

Recommended Restaurants:

• Raff San Pedro – creative fine dining with local produce near the Hanging Houses.
• Figón del Huécar – traditional cuisine in a historic setting.
• Olea Comedor – modern and seasonal fare in the city centre.

Getting to Cuenca and Visitor Tips

By train: High-speed AVE service from Madrid Atocha station takes just 55 minutes. The AVE station (Cuenca Fernando Zóbel) is connected to the city centre by local bus.

By car: From Madrid, take the A-3 and N-320 (approximately 1 hour 40 minutes). From Valencia, drive via the A-3 and N-420 (about 1 hour 45 minutes).

Tips for visitors:

• Wear comfortable footwear. The old town is steep and cobbled.
• Spring and autumn are the best times to visit for pleasant weather and beautiful light.
• Staying in the historic quarter allows you to enjoy the city early in the morning or after dark, when it's especially atmospheric.
• Don’t miss the views from the Castle District, the Cerro del Socorro or nearby natural lookouts.

Day Trips and Excursions

Ciudad Encantada: A unique karst landscape filled with natural rock formations shaped by erosion. Just 30 km from Cuenca, it’s perfect for a short excursion.

Birth of the Cuervo River: A scenic nature trail through forests and waterfalls. Ideal in autumn or after heavy rains.

Ventano del Diablo: A dramatic cliffside viewpoint with sweeping views of the Júcar Gorge.

Charming nearby villages: Uña, Valdecabras, Priego, Beteta and Huete all offer heritage, peaceful landscapes and local hospitality.

Serranía de Cuenca Natural Park: A protected area ideal for hiking, wildlife spotting and outdoor adventures.

Cuenca is a city unlike any other

Its location between river gorges, its architectural daring, its medieval soul, and its vibrant art scene create a destination of rare beauty and character. Here, nature and culture blend seamlessly, offering a rich, immersive experience for curious travelers.

Whether you're drawn to art, history, nature or gastronomy, Cuenca delivers a unique escape in the very heart of Castilla-La Mancha.